One way to manage interaction design complexity is to have commands serve double duty. There are two ways of doing this, with different usability implications:
- Generic commands use the same command in different contexts to achieve conceptually the same outcome, even though details of the specific effects might differ.
- Overloaded commands use variants of the same command to achieve different outcomes — sometimes depending on the context and other times depending on where the command appears on the screen.
I discussed generic commands in depth in an earlier article. The most famous generic command these days is the pinch-zoom gesture, which works in most touchscreen user interfaces. In fact, the command is so pervasive that users expect it to work universally — and are sorely disappointed when they encounter an application that doesn’t support it. Read more »


Maxence Parache’s experimental augmented-reality system lets you detach your point of view from your body.
Image: The interactive experience at UNSW’s iCinema Centre. Source: The Australian
Image: The avatar for Dr. Brian Ross welcomes participants to an online training session using Xbox chat technology (Stephen Brashear photos/PSBJ)
A soldier trains in a simulator cab at the Combined Arms Tactical Trainer. (Photo: Lockheed Martin)












